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It is the balance of CO2 that is derived from any activity, and its consequent environmental impact.
Projects that prevent CO2 emissions: energy efficiency and renewable energies. Other projects that reduce greenhouse gasses effect. Sequestration Projects from vegetation or soil carbon : afforestation, reforestation and change of land use or geological sequestration. .
A carbon credit always equals to one tonne of CO2. The price of a tonne depends on many factors, mainly on the technology used or the type of project, the country of origin, the standard of proof and, of course, the supply and demand of the market.
The voluntary market has self-regulatory tools based on the procedures adopted in Kyoto, but there isn't any unified regulation. This fragmentation is evident in the variety of actors involved in the market which main keys are credibility and experience.
Carbon offsetting is effective from the moment every economic and social sector is involved, apart from legal obligations and drives a common goal: a global reduction of greenhouse gasses effect.
It is a credit from the carbon market that can not be used to meet the commitments under the Kyoto Protocol but it responds to a reduction in emissions verified through a voluntary process by an independent third party.
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